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Attitudes of the Czech Public to an Amendment to the Education Act, Currently Proposed Measures and Inclusive Education – August/September 2023\n
Weikertová, Štěpánka
As part of a periodical survey conducted by the CVVM from August to September 2023, selected citizens over the age of 15 were surveyed about their opinions regarding the inclusive education. Specifically, we examined views of the Czech public on whether children with physical, sensory or mental disabilities, children of foreign nationality, Roma children, children from poor or vice versa wealthy families and gifted children should be educated in mainstream classes. We also examined attitudes to measures implemented by an amendment to the Education Act and to currently proposed measures.\n\nCzech citizens most often support measures regarding the preschool education. On the other hand, the least popular measure is a proposal to extend compulsory education to 10 years which is supported by less than a third (33 %).
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Využití hodnotících a měřících nástrojů pro hodnocení potřeb pacientů s tělesným znevýhodněním
NEUGEBAUER, Jan
Physical disadvantage is a debatable topic regarding terminology,variability,and specifics of care.In connection with this issue,we look at the whole concept in analyzing and satisfying current needs,which differ significantly depending on the type,extent, and reversibility of disadvantage.General needs tend to be constant,but in these patients,the spectrum of needs that have been modified or newly created in connection with the disadvantage is more significantly affected. For careful analysis, the nurses can use the evaluation and measurement tools,focusing on the problematic area(e.g., self-sufficiency or risk factors) or comprehensively on the level of disadvantage.Nurses in the Czech Republic use only instruments specifically evaluating each area separately.Implementing a comprehensive tool could contribute to the improvement of care for patients with physical disabilities in clinical practice.The dissertation aimed to analyze the available evaluation and measurement tools for evaluating patients with physical disabilities in nursing, map the care provided for these patients,and analyze problematic situations present in patients with physical disabilities during hospitalization.We use a mix of methods to process the work using the questionnaire survey technique and the Focus groups method. We create the questionnaire survey for two groups marked as A and B. Research group A had a representative character and consisted of nurses from all over the Czech Republic.Research group B consisted of patients with physical disabilities.Within the data collection, we create two different questionnaires - non-standardized for research set A with a focus on using evaluation tools,work with results,recommendations for practice,and the concept of physical disabilities.We also create a combination of a WHODAS 2.0 and further information focusing on the concept of own body and the quality of life for research set B.In clinical practice, the use of a general standardized tool,especially for fall risk assessment (Conley scale and Morse Fall Scale),pressure ulcer risk assessment (Braden scale and Norton scale),and self-sufficiency assessment (Barthel test,routine instrumental test).As part of the active search for the specific needs of the nurse, she also evaluates the area of activity,motivation, mobility,and nutrition.Respondents do not evaluate sexuality and spirituality adequately in clinical practice,and nurses state that these topics are still taboo and consider it a more suitable alternative for these domains to be provided by other specialists.For the field of assessment, they would welcome in their practice both tools for assessing the risk of pressure ulcers - Waterlow Scale,Knoll Scale or Shannon Scale;fall risk assessment tools - Morse Fall Scale,Conley Scale or Tinetti scale;tools for self-sufficiency evaluation - Barthel test, a test of everyday instrumental activities.In patients with physical disabilities,the most problematic domains currently are urinary incontinence,pain,and the psychological area,focusing on self-esteem and a sense of security and safety.Nurses would like to welcome a more comprehensive tool for assessing the issue of physical disadvantage for use in clinical practice,and they would also welcome educational courses in this area,which will help them understand this issue better.In clinical practice,respondents use standardized and non-standardized tools to evaluate patients with physical disabilities.The respondents would welcome many of the standardized tools in their practice and recommend them for use throughout the Czech Republic.Patients with physical disabilities often suffer from the risk of pressure ulcers,falls,the development of infections,mental health problems,and pain.As a recommendation for practice,we agree with the implementation of standardized tools into clinical practice.WHODAS 2.0 is well-suited for analyzing the level of disadvantage and points to disadvantaged areas.Furthermore,the nurse
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Ethical dilemmas of a family caring for a person with a severe disability.
ČERMÁKOVÁ, Eva
The subject of this thesis are ethical dilemmas faced by the parents who look after children with severe combined disabilities of physical and mental nature and help that is provided to them by a social worker. The first part of the thesis focuses on characteristics of families with a disabled member, social services the families can access and general competencies of social workers. Based on ethical assumptions we then combine these characteristics with examples of ethical dilemmas that might arise. These are chosen based on 3 typological examples observed at parents of clients of day care centre Radovan which we devided into 3 main fields. Each field is elaborated from an ethical point of view, in particular Christian ethics also known as moral theology, and appropriate approach of a social worker is suggested based on the analysis.
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Pedagogical assistance - multiple case study
BUŠTOVÁ, Klára
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of teaching assistants - multiple case study. It deals with a case study of two disabled girls and a boy. The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out the way how disabled children are integrated and educated in a regular kindergarten. The thesis is divided into two parts. The theoretical part focuses on the issues of inclusion, integration, physical disabilities, individual teaching plan and the work of teaching assistant. The practical part describes the methods of qualitative survey and the findings. The qualitative survey involved the method of half structured dialogue, observation and analysis of activity products. It is a design of multiple case study.
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Use of animal assisted therapy and hippotherapy for children with physical and sensory disabilities and its application
Jiroušková, Alžběta ; Jančaříková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Květoňová, Lea (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to determine the influence of assisted therapy of dogs and horses for people with musculoskeletal disabilities and sensory impairments. The operational objective is to define the status and position of a therapy with the assistance of a dog and a horse in the context of the complex rehabilitation of a client. The theoretical part concentrates on the issues of zootherapy and zooasistance as supportive methods for easing muscle spasms, the development of fine and gross motor skills, development of verbal and nonverbal communication and development of orientation in space. In the research part of the thesis there are used qualitative techniques of data collection (history and observation), all rounded off by grounded theory. By the carried out research there were found positive manifestations in both the social and psychological areas, as well as in the areas of communication and development of fine and gross motor skills of children with disabilities.
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Subjective and objective view on the importance of rehabilitation for individuals with physical disabilities
Kotrbáčková, Eva ; Hájková, Vanda (advisor) ; Zemková, Jaroslava (referee)
The main goal of diploma thesis Subjective and objective view on the importance of rehabilitation or individuals whit pgysical disabilities is to analyze rehabilitation meaning for the person with physical disabilities, specifically for a lady with muscular dystropgy from subjective and objective point of view. First chapters describe theoretical background of terminology, physical disability definition and characteristics, description of rehabilitation as whole and its elements. Following chapter focuses on research and case study. For the elaboration of the diploma thesis, were used analysis of professional literature, a qualitative research survey based on direct observation, interviews, anamnestic questionnaires and medical dokumentation analysis. The research revealed the importance of rehabilitation from a both objective and subjective point of view. Objective findings after intensive physioterapy during the rehabilitation stay were entirely consistent with the subjective feelings of the person who was the subject of the research. Key words: physical disabilities, muscular dystrophy, comprehensive rehabilitation
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Physical activities of persons with cerebral palsy.
Hruša, Jan ; Hruša, Jan (advisor) ; Brtník, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Physical activities of persons with cerebral palsy Main Goal: To assess whether selected probands with severe physical disabilities due to cerebral palsy can take active part in selected sporting activities. Objectives: 1) To characterize selected probands with cerebral palsy. 2) To procure special equipment for selected sporting activities. 3) To assess the possibilities of active participation of probands suffering from spastic diparesis and spastic quadriparesis forms of cerebral palsy. 4) To design instruction methods for selected sporting activities. Method: This bachelor thesis is an empirical-theoretical one. It exploits the method of direct observation of sporting activities carried out by students with physical disabilities. Results: In this bachelor thesis, we have verified, based on the theoretical and subsequent practical instruction of several sporting activities, such as canoeing, skiing and sailing, that there are specific differences between individual persons suffering from spastic diparesis and spastic quadriparesis forms of cerebral palsy, depending on the severity and extent of their disabilities. The factors limiting their ability to learn and take part in sporting activities consist predominantly in orthopedic impairments affecting upper limbs, together with sensory and...
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Education of students with autism spectrum disorder at school for students with physical disabilities
Zwyrtek, Irena ; Hájková, Vanda (advisor) ; Jamrichová, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of education of pupils with autism spectrum disorders at an elementary school for pupils with physical disabilities. It focuses on the methodological conditions for education that the school offers to pupils with autism spectrum disorders. The thesis is divided into the theoretical and practical part. The first chapter of the theoretical part describes autism spectrum disorders - from terminology and classification to typical manifestations of this diagnosis. The second chapter is dedicated to education of pupils with autism spectrum disorders, it presents options for their education and support measures. The third chapter of the theoretical part presents teaching methods and interventions for people with autism spectrum disorders. The practical part of the thesis includes a qualitative research survey which was carried out through semi-structured interviews with class teachers of pupils with autism spectrum disorders at the elementary school for pupils with physical disabilities. Using analysis of interviews and school documentation, I came to the conclusion that the environment of this school offers pupils with autism spectrum disorders education provided by special education teachers, and also comprehensive care, the benefit of small group, and individual...
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Options of Integration of Pupils with Physical Disabilities in the Primary Waldorf Schools of South Bohemian Region
PŘÁDOVÁ, Tereza
The thesis deals with the problem of integrating pupils with physical disabilities into a primary Waldorf school, specifically the primary Waldorf School in České Budějovice. The goal of the thesis was to find out about the possibilities of integrating pupils with physical disabilities at Primary Waldorf School in the South Bohemian Region. The theoretical part includes the definitions of basic concepts and issues and is divided into three chapters. The first chapter includes the clarification of the concept of integration, its form, circumstances and problems. The second chapter includes information on Waldorf pedagogy, the primary Waldorf schools in the Czech Republic and the relation of Waldorf pedagogy to integration. The third chapter deals with the issue of physical disabilities, specifically their classification. The focus is on the issue of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, because this is the illness the integrated pupils of the discussed Waldorf school suffer from; and the issue of Cerebral palsy as well, since it is the most common disability in children. Qualitative research was used for the practical part of the thesis. I led in-depth interviews with the informants, including the pedagogues and the pedagogical assistants from the primary Waldorf school mentioned above. The thesis can be used as a source for obtaining information about the possibilities of integrating physically disabled pupils into Waldorf schools in the South Bohemian Region. The thesis could help parents with choosing an alternative primary school for their child with physical disability.
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